Asia markets lose steam and turn negative; survey shows China's factory activity expanded

SINGAPORE — Asia-Pacific markets reversed gains and fell on the first day of the new quarter as investors wait for the results of a private survey on Chinese factory activity.

The Nikkei 225 in Japan gave up earlier gains to lose 0.72%, and the Topix declined 0.52%.

Sentiment at Japan's large manufacturers worsened in the April-to-June period, according to the Bank of Japan's quarterly tankan business sentiment survey. The headline index for large manufacturers' sentiment came in at 9, a decline from the previous quarter's reading of 14.

"The manufacturers right now are facing a number of headwinds ranging from surging input costs to unsteady supply conditions," said Stefan Angrick, senior economist at Moody's Analytics.

"Much of that, of course, has to do with Russia's invasion of Ukraine and Covid-19 lockdowns in China," he told CNBC's "Squawk Box Asia" on Friday.

In South Korea, the Kospi also reversed course to fall 0.19%, and the Kosdaq was 0.52% lower.

Australia's S&P/ASX 200 bucked the regional trend and was 0.57% higher.

MSCI's broadest index of Asia-Pacific shares outside Japan slipped 0.1%.

Mainland China markets were mixed. The Shanghai Composite was mildly lower, while the Shenzhen Component gained 0.31%.

The Caixin/Markit manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index for June was released Friday. It came in at 51.7, above the 50-level that separates growth from contraction. That compared to last month's reading of 48.1. Analysts polled by Reuters expected 50.1.

PMI readings are sequential and represent month-on-month expansion or contraction. The 50-level separates contraction from expansion.

The official PMI for June stood at 50.2, returning to growth after three months, according to data released Thursday.

Markets in Hong Kong were closed on Friday for a holiday.

The city commemorates the 25th anniversary of its handover from the U.K. to China on Friday. Chinese President Xi Jinping arrived in Hong Kong on Thursday to participate in the anniversary events. It was his first trip outside mainland China since Covid hit.

Hong Kong's new chief executive, John Lee, will also be sworn in on Friday. Lee, a Beijing loyalist, was the only candidate in the running to replace outgoing leader Carrie Lam.

On Wall Street, U.S. stocks closed the second quarter of the year lower. The S&P 500, which had its worst first half in more than 50 years, declined nearly 0.9% to 3,785.38.

Meanwhile, the Dow Jones Industrial Average slipped 253.88 points, or 0.8%, to 30,775.43, and the Nasdaq Composite pulled back by 1.3% to 11,028.74.

As the U.S. economy slows and consumers spend less, cash flow for companies will take a hit and stocks will likely fall further, according to Rebecca Patterson, chief investment strategist at Bridgewater Associates.

"Stocks will be challenged, we think, in the second half of the year in the U.S. We're still quite bearish," she told "Squawk Box Asia."

The U.S. dollar index, which tracks the greenback against a basket of its peers, was at 104.817.

The Japanese yen traded at 135.83 per dollar, after briefly weakening past the 137 level earlier this week. The Australian dollar was at $0.6885.

Oil futures rose in Asia trade. U.S. crude gained 0.61% to $106.40 per barrel, while international benchmark Brent crude rose 0.69% to $109.78 per barrel.